Avos 3:10-13

Divrei Hashkafa by Rav Mayer Twersky
Divrei Hashkafa by Rav Mayer Twersky
Avos 3:10-13
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📖 Source: Pirkei Avos

10: part of avodas Hashem is being me’urav im habriyos. 12: Rambam (here and Hil. De’os 2:7) – Shamai is talking about what a person shows externally, and R’ Yishmael is about what one feels internally. A person is supposed to have a positive attitude towards life and people.11: Actions can drown out professed beliefs, and the brazenness of sinning in public is an act of kefira.13: Nedarim are strongly discouraged if someone is trying to create a different ideal, but if on an individual basis one needs a neder to compensate for a weakness he has, it’s good.

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Hu Hu Omer

כל שרוח הבריות נוחה הימנו רוח המקום נוחה הימנו וכל שאין רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו אין רוח המקום נוחה הימנו.

So clearly what the Mishnah means again, the Rambam doesn't comment on this part of the Mishnah, but clearly what the Mishnah means is not that רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו is sufficient that רוח המקום נוחה הימנו, but what it means, and that's what's conveyed through the kefel hatnai as it were, that it's necessary. If רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו, so then the person is in a position where potentially it will be רוח המקום נוחה הימנו. I don't know, it could be רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו and every morning for breakfast he eats, you know, he eats chazir. So lechoreh that's not going to yield, it won't interfere with רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו, but it will interfere with רוח המקום נוחה הימנו. What it means is that רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו contributes to the רוח המקום נוחה הימנו, and what's more, it's even me'akeiv because ein, and that's what the Mishnah goes on to add, that

אין רוח הבריות נוחה הימנו אין רוח המקום נוחה הימנו.

Part of avodat Hashem is that a person should be me'urav, should be me'urav im habriyot. Rabbi

דוסא בן הרכינס אומר שינה של שחרית ויין של צהרים ושיחת הילדים וישיבת כנסיות של עמי הארץ מוציאין את האדם מן העולם.

What does the Rambam say? Omer:

כי הדברים האלו מבטלים את מעלות האדם עד שיצא מן העולם כשהוא נפסד,

meaning we're not talking about an onesh here. It's not that there's going to be an onesh which is imposed. No, this is just the natural result. If a person, you know, is so indulgent and always oversleeps and then gets himself somewhat intoxicated in the afternoon, and then he's just shooting the breeze, so you know, just on a very natural level torato mishtakachat mimenu. Rabbi Elazar Hamoda'i omer

המחלל את הקדשים והמבזה את המועדות והמפר בריתו של אברהם אבינו והמלבין פני חברו ברבים והמגלה פנים בתורה אף על פי שיש בידו מעשים טובים אין לו חלק לעולם הבא.

What does the Rambam say? Malbin pnei chaveiro: המבייש את חברו ומכלימו. Meaning, I think this we spoke about once. We saw that the Rambam in perek vav of De'ot, what the Rambam writes in perek vav halachah chet, that אף על פי שהמכלים את חברו אין לוקה, vav chet, midway, I don't know, midway, a little bit into halachah chet, אף על פי שהמכלים את חברו אין לוקה avon gadol hu. Kach amru chachamim

המלבין פני חברו ברבים אין לו חלק לעולם הבא. לפיכך צריך אדם להזהר בדבר זה שלא לבייש חברו ברבים.

So we explained, and this sort of addressed otherwise the difficulties in the halachah, that levayesh is less intense than lehachlim or lehalbin, maybe corresponding, let's say, to the words in English of to embarrass and to humiliate. That humiliate certainly has a much more intense, intensive connotation than simply, simply in quotation marks, levayesh. And that's what the Rambam is saying, that this ultimate punishment, rachmana litzlan, אין לו חלק לעולם הבא of המלבין פני חברו ברבים means that it's the intensive form. It's not just hamivayesh et chaveiro, but it's machlimo, but it's. It's he humiliates as well. ומגלה פנים בתורה ma zeh omer הוא העובר על מצוות התורה בפרהסיה ובגלוי. V'hi tachlit hakfira כמו שאמר יתעלה והנפש אשר תעשה ביד רמה. Regardless of what a person professes to believe, sometimes a person's actions will drown out and override again whatever the person professes to believe. And what the Rambam is saying is kfira, the category of kfira is a category of belief. The person professes Rachmana Litzlan atheism. He professes that Rachmana Litzlan he doesn't believe in Torah Min Hashamayim. Kfira is a category of belief, but it's also a category of action. There are certain actions which regardless of what the person does or doesn't profess, which are kfiradic. And the brazenness of העובר על מצוות התורה בפרהסיה ובגלוי is such an example, such an instance of the category of kfiradic actions. Lichora you see this same category in the Rambam if you go to Hilchos Avodah Zarah for a moment rabosai. So we know that Chazal say כל המודה בעבודה זרה הוא כופר בכל התורה כולה. The Rambam at the end of Hilchos Shabbos,

פרק ל הלכה טו, השבת ועבודה זרה כל אחת משתיהן שקולה כנגד שאר כל מצוות התורה והשבת היא האות שבין הקדוש ברוך הוא ובינינו לעולם. לפיכך כל העובר על שאר מצוות הרי הוא בכלל רשעי ישראל אבל המחלל שבת בפרהסיה הרי הוא כעובד עבודה זרה שניהם כגויים לכל דבריהם.

So a person who's modeh b'avodah zarah כופר בכל התורה כולה. Even though for the Rambam, avodah zarah again as he defines it in perek aleph and perek bais is even if a person again in aleph aleph as you recall in avodah zarah, the Rambam says that b'imei Enosh the form in which avodah zarah initially emerged was that they believed in Hashem Echad, but they directed acts of worship towards d'varim hanivra'im without ascribing to them any discretionary powers. And then ב א מהלכות עבודה זרה the Rambam tells us שעיקר הציווי בעבודה זרה שלא לעבוד אחד מכל הברואים af al pi and af al pi I'm skipping a little bit

שהעובד יודע שהשם הוא האלוקים והוא עובד הנברא הזה על דרך שעבד אנוש ואנשי דורו תחילה הרי זה עובד עבודה זרה. מצות עבודה זרה כנגד כל המצות כולן

Beis daled in Avoda Zara

מצות עבודה זרה כנגד כל המצות כולן היא שנאמר וכי תשגו ולא תעשו את כל המצות ומפי השמועה למדו שבעבודה זרה הכתוב מדבר הא למדת שכל המודה בעבודה זרה כופר בכל התורה כולה ובכל הנביאים ובכל מה שנצטוו הנביאים מאדם ועד סוף העולם.

Even though the oveid avoda zara says I believe in Hashem echad, but I direct acts of worship to the shemesh, to the yarei'ach, to the kochavim, to the malachim because they're שמשים המשמשים לפניו במרום. Why? Because again there's a category of kefira, kefira is not only a category of belief, it's a category of action. There are kefira-dige beliefs and there are kefira-dige actions, and that's the same yesod what we have here by

העובר על מצות התורה בפרהסיא בגלוי המגלה פנים בתורה כמו שאמר והנפש אשר תעשה ביד רמה

again the pasuk continues את ה' הוא מגדף. V'inyan migaleh panim how does migaleh panim convey this sense of

העובר על מצות התורה בפרהסיא בגלוי? וענין מגלה פנים מגלה ומעז פניו

v'zeh lashon b'perusho v'hu b'gemara pei'ah אמרו מגלה פנים בתורה העובר על דברי תורה בפרהסיא k'yihoyakim ben yoshiyahu. To cover one's face is an expression of reticence, is an expression of inhibition, is an expression of tzniyus. So therefore the figure of speech of to be migaleh panim is the antithesis, is the brazenness, is the arrogance of the person who's

העובר על מצות התורה בפרהסיא בגלוי מפר ברית המושך לו ערלה

who looks to camouflage the fact that he's had a bris. ושם אמרו על כל הדברים שאמרו החכמים בהם there in the Yerushalmi Chazal say

שכל הדברים על כל הדברים שאמרו חכמים בהם שעשה אותם אין לו חלק לעולם הבא אמרו מאן אנן קיימין.

What are we dealing with?

אם בשעשה תשובה אין לך דבר שעומד בפני התשובה אלא בשלא עשה תשובה ומת בייסורין כלומר שחומרת אותן העבירות שהזכירו בהם אין לו חלק יותר משאר עבירות.

It doesn't mean Rachmana litzlan that they don't lend themselves to teshuva, rather it means שהייסורין עם המיתה אינם מכפרים אותם that the person doesn't get any degree of kappara even as a result of misa v'yisurin without teshuva. I don't know, this is very mechudashdik. In the Rambam Hilchos Teshuva I'm not sure that we find that there's ever any degree of kappara without teshuva and over here it sounds like that by she'ar aveiros there is an element of kappara even without teshuva and that's what's not true of these aveiros enumerated in our mishna. Okay, ayen alav. When you take a look here in perek gimel of Hilchos Teshuva so the Rambam understands our mishna, take a look perek gimel halacha yud daled כל אחד ואחד מארבעה ועשרים אנשים אלו שמנינו meaning the apikorsim, the mosrim, kofrim batora, etc.,

אף על פי שהן ישראל אין להם חלק לעולם הבא. ויש עבירות קלות מאלו

which are not intrinsically inherently as chamura ואף על פי כן אמרו חכמים שהרגיל בהם that that's...

אף על פי כן אמרו חכמים שהרגיל בהן אין לו חלק לעולם הבא כדי להתרחק מהן ולהיזהר מהן ואלו הן המכנה חברו והקורה לחברו בכינויו והמלבין פני חברו ברבים והמתכבד בקלון חברו והמבזה תלמידי חכמים והמבזה רבותיו והמבזה את המועדות ומחלל את הקודשים.

So the Rambam learns pshat in our Mishnah and other ma'amarim that he integrates into this one halacha that when Chazal say for instance in our Mishnah that

המחלל את הקודשים והמבזה את המועדות והמלבין פני חברו ברבים

it means the person does so habitually. It doesn't mean that these aveiros are so chamur that if a person rachmana litzlan does it once and fails to do teshuva that he loses his chelek l'olam haba. What it does mean is if rachmana litzlan a person does these things habitually. So then that cumulative effect they are sufficiently chamur that when compounded by the fact that the person does these things habitually he's ragil bahen then and only then would he have the the the onesh rachmana litzlan absent teshuva of אין לו חלק לעולם הבא. The pshat certainly fits the lashon hamishna although in a minute we'll we'll ask a question beli neder. It certainly fits the lashon hamishna in the sense that by saying

המכנה חברו והקורה לחברו בכינויו והמלבין פני חברו ברבים והמתכבד בקלון חברו והמבזה תלמידי חכמים והמבזה רבותיו והמבזה את המועדות ומחלל את הקודשים

it does also accommodate the pshat of someone who's doing it on a regular basis as opposed to מי שחילל את הקודשים or מי שביזה את המועדות or מי שהלבין פני חברו ברבים. Such a formulation would imply that it's no davka even a one-time offense rachmana litzlan. And the lashon hamvaze it doesn't dictate the Rambam's pshat but it certainly it certainly admits of the Rambam's pshat. What's a little bit of a tzarich iyun kal and I'm not sure that the Rambam doesn't I'm not sure that the Rambam really addresses this is that kumt ois that within our Mishnah not all these not all the cases are bachada machta. So for instance where the Rambam quote the Rambam does quote everything in our Mishnah but the two cases of המפר בריתו של אברהם אבינו which is mosheich orlaso and megaleh panim batorah that the Rambam quotes in פרק ג' הלכות תשובה amongst the initial esrim ve'arba'a. And the rest of the cases here are the aveiros which are pachos chamuros. So it's I don't know it's a little bit of a little bit of a tzarich iyun why in our Mishnah they're sort of strung together in one list when it's really I mean it seems clear that the Rambam has different groupings for שאין להם חלק לעולם הבא and מגלה פנים בתורה שלא כהלכה megaleh panim batorah is in a different more chamurdike classification than these other cases so ayen alav why why in our Mishnah they're just integrated the way they are. Okay. Next Mishnah.

רבי אלעזר המודעי אומר הוי קל לראש ונוח לתשחורת והוי מקבל את כל האדם בשמחה.

What does the Rambam say? kalus he whatever the Arabic word is for kalus. And noach what does noach mean? ha'ipuk vehamisnus restraint and and discipline moderation. Amar betzava'a zos

אם אתה נמצא עם אדם גדול המעלה עשה עצמך קל כלפיו ושמש לפניו איך שירצה.

Hevei kal lerosh means you should be mevatel yourself to an adam gadol utihye imaso lo. On the other hand אם אתה נמצא עם אדם שחור שיער someone whose hair is still dark klomar tza'ir bashanim אל תעשה כן אלא הוי נכבד עמו. A person's not supposed to be mevatel himself to he should maintain his, not ga'avah in a sense, but he should maintain his dignity,

ואל תהא קליל ולא פשוט מדי. אחר כך אמר אל תחשוב כי מה שהזהרתיך מלהיות פשוט מדי עם צעורי בשנים מחייב שתקביל פניו קודר ובפנים זעופות.

Don't think that that that noach l'tzachores means that that a person should be cold and stern in in greeting or interacting with a with a younger person, ein zo hakavanah.

אלא בראש שתקבל פני כל אדם, קטנם וגדולם, בן חורין שבהם ועבד, כל אחד שהוא ממין האדם בששון ובשמחה.

You should be מקבל את כל אדם בשמחה. Then the Rambam says וזה יותר מדברי שמאי who said in Perek Aleph b'sever panim yafos. This is more than than Shammai said. So what does that mean? It seems to be a machlokes. It's a machlokes Rabbi Yishmael and Shammai whether you whether you have to be mekabel b'simcha or whether you have to be מקבל בסבר פנים יפות. That's what it means. Maybe, maybe. But we'll we'll see shortly bli neder im yirtzeh Hashem. Maybe not. If you have the if you have the Rambam in the Yad for a minute, take a look in Hilchos Deios rabosai, Perek Beis, Halacha Zayin. Beis Zayin here in in Deios rabosai.

לא יהיה אדם בעל שחוק והתל רק על יוסף פרע השל

to to make a mockery of things. So a person shouldn't be flippant and and the type who who makes a mockery. On the other hand lo atzev v'onein. You're not supposed to be like, not supposed to be like Eeyore either for the highly cultured in the in the audience. Ela someiach. Person should be someiach. For those who don't know who Eeyore is we'll have a chazara shiur afterwards. כך אמרו חכמים שחוק וקלות ראש מרגילין לערווה. That's going to be the next very next mishna.

וציוו שלא יהא אדם פרוץ בשחוק ולא עצב ומתאבל אלא מקבל את כל האדם בסבר פנים יפות.

So this halacha is is challenging, A, why is the Rambam repeating himself? He begins לא יהיה אדם בעל שחוק והתל, v'lo atzev v'onein, and then he repeats it, וציוו שלא יהא אדם פרוץ בשחוק ולא עצב ומתאבל. I heard you the first time, what's he repeating himself here for? Question number one. Question number two: when he repeats himself, seemingly he contradicts himself. Initially, he said what's the mida beinonis if one end of the spectrum you're talking about is s'chok v'hesel and the other is atzev v'onein. So what's the mida beinonis, what's the derech beinonis? To be someiach. So אם כבר אז כבר when the Rambam's repeating it and says וציוו שלא יהא פרוץ בשחוק ולא עצב ומתאבל, so why is he quoting Shammai's mishna from Perek Aleph? He should have been quoting our mishna here of הוי מקבל את כל האדם בשמחה because that's what he just indicated in the beginning of the halacha that simcha is the is the derech hamimutzas between the s'chok at at one end of the spectrum and the and the atzvus at the other end of the spectrum. Ela mai, lich'ora hapshet is as follows rabosai. There's another shift, another change the Rambam makes. What what in the first go-round, he says lo otzeiv v'onein. The second time he says lo otzeiv v'misabel. Right? Excuse me. He changes onein for misavel. What's the pshat? L'chora as follows. The Mishna says in Sanhedrin in Perek Nigma Hadin talking about how the relatives of has veshalom if Rachmana litzlan you have someone who's חייב מיתת בית דין and actually would get misas beis din, so the relatives are not supposed to react the way they would to their relatives' death under any other condition. They're not supposed to be oninim. They're supposed to be smeychim. And then the Mishna says in that context, אין אנינות אלא בלב. אין אנינות אלא בלב. Aninus describes an inner state, an emotional state. Oh, so the vort is like this. In the beginning of the halacha, the Rambam is talking about a person's disposition, about a person's inner equilibrium, about a person's inner state. What should the person's inner state be? Again, it shouldn't be one of of flippancy, of of lightheadedness. On the other hand, it shouldn't be one of sadness and depression. But the person, again, referring to his inner state, his emotional state, he should be sameiach. Now, v'tzivu is talking not about the person's inner state, but what a person demonstrates. What a person demonstrates. And that's why now the Rambam's going to change onein into misavel. Aveilus is associated with nihugei aveilus. When a person is in aveilus, so you look at it, you see the person's in aveilus. He's not he's not cutting his hair. He has atifas harosh. He's sitting on the ground. You see the nihugei aveilus. By definition, the the aninus, the the inner the the inner the feelings of of mourning are inner, are inward. That's described as onein. But the nihugim, the outer manifestations, the demonstration is misavel. So v'tzivu is not repetition rabbosai. The v'tzivu is that Chazal then told us in terms of what a person's outer posture should be, what a person should be projecting klapei chutz in line with lo yiheh adam, in line with the reisha, the what a person should project, what a person should demonstrate is לא יהא פורץ בשחוק and and notice the difference, right? Ba'al schok is describing the person. Poreitz b'schok is describing how he behaves. So the leshonos are so so meduyakim. Haflei va-feleh. וציוו שלא יהא אדם פורץ בשחוק ולא עצב ומתאבל and again, misavel contrasts with with onein. Ela, oh, why did the Rambam shift from simcha to seiver panim yafos? Because the Rambam learned pshat, it's not a machlokes between Shammai and Rebbi Yishmael that Shammai says, oh, you should smile when you see someone. And Rebbi Yishmael says, no, you should hug him and give him a kiss on both cheeks. And there's a machlokes between Shammai and Rebbi Yishmael. No, מר מחדש ומר מחדש ולא פליגי. Shammai is talking about what you demonstrate. Right? The the affect that the person sees. Seiver panim yafos. Greet him with a smile. Greet him with a smile. Greet him in in non-pandemic days with a with a with a warm with a warm handshake. Greet greet him be-seiver panim yafos. Rebbi Yishmael is talking about what the person's inner state should be. When our Rambam says here in the Peirush Hamishnayos... When our Rambam says here in the Perush HaMishnayos וזה יותר מדברי שמאי, he doesn't mean that there's a machlokes and that Rabbi Ishmael sets the bar higher than Shammai. He's saying that talking about two different areas, one's talking about again in area of what a person manifests and the other's talking about what a person feels. It's more challenging to fulfill a mandate of how you're supposed to feel than what you're supposed to do, right? It's much easier to control actions than it is to mold and shape feelings and reactions, excuse me, and inner states. And that's the pshat, that's the pshat. וזה יותר מדברי שמאי, meaning a person can not be besimcha but to his credit, not hypocritically rachmana litzlan, but to his credit put up a good front and be besever panim yafos. And then he would be satisfying that requirement of what should be projected, what should be manifested. But Rabbi Ishmael says there's another din because ultimately the midas habeinonis is not just how a person acts, it's ad sheyikavu bo and the yikavu bo is that a person should be genuinely happy to interact with other people. That when there's occasion to interact with other people, a person should again inwardly, in terms of describing his inner state, his emotional state, the person should be genuinely happy to be interacting with other people. For all of life's problems, for all of the legitimate criticisms and at times even condemnations that a person can have and at times should have for what he sees, for what he observes, for certain types of behavior, etc., lemaise, וירא אלקים את כל אשר עשה והנה טוב מאד. Hakadosh Baruch Hu says the briyah is a good thing. The briyah is a good thing. Which means that for us a balanced approach is without in any way diminishing the principles we have, without in any way blurring the distinction between right and wrong, emes and sheker, but a person has to have a positive attitude towards life and specifically a positive attitude towards people. And that's what it means והוי מקבל את כל אדם בשמחה. Rabbi Akiva says, שחוק וקלות ראש מרגילין לערוה. So we saw the Rambam just quoted that, we saw here. What's pshat? What's pshat that שחוק וקלות ראש מרגילין לערוה? So shchok vekalus rosh remove inhibition. When a person is flippant, so that's the antithesis of inhibition, it's the antithesis of exercising and being mindful of self-discipline. And then mimaile, if a person removes inhibition, if a person is acting in a way or has a state of mind that's antithetical to discipline, to self-discipline, so then there's going to be nothing to check the yetzer hora. So then the very natural and strong yetzer hora... that that that we have will go unchecked. That's what Rabbi Akiva says. Hu haya omer: Masoret seyag laTorah, nedarim seyag laprishut, seyag lachochma shtika. What does the Rambam say here?

אומר שאם נדר האדם נדרים על איזה דברים וקיימם ירכוש לעצמו את הרגל ההימנעות ממה שירצה להימנע ממנו ויקבע לו ותקל עליו הפרישות כמו להישמר מן הטומאות כמו שאמרנו בחגיגה בגדי עם הארץ מדרס לפרושים.

So here, the pshat is the pshat in the Mishna, certainly the Rambam's havana in the Mishna is as follows. On the one hand, the Rambam quotes in Perek Gimmel of Hilchos De'os Halacha Aleph, on the one hand Chazal say, and this is the way the Rambam quotes it:

שמא יאמר אדם הואיל והקנאה והתאווה והכבוד וכיוצא בהן דרך רעה הן ומוציאין את האדם מן העולם אפרוש מהן ביותר ואתרחק לצד האחרון עד שלא יאכל בשר ולא ישתה יין ולא ישא אשה ולא ישב בדירה נאה ולא ילבש מלבוש נאה אלא השק והצמר הקשה וכיוצא בהן כגון כהני אדום גם זו דרך רעה היא ואסור ללכת בה המהלך בדרך זו נקרא חוטא הוא אומר בנזיר וכיפר עליו מאשר חטא על הנפש אמרו חכמים ומה נזיר שלא פירש אלא מן היין צריך כפרה המונע עצמו מכל דבר על אחת כמה וכמה.

Lefichach tzivu chachamim - let's look at this carefully rabosai -

שלא ימנע אדם עצמו אלא מדברים שמנעה התורה בלבד ולא יהיה אוסר עצמו בנדרים ובשבועות על דברים המותרים.

We're discouraged, strongly discouraged from taking nedarim u-shvuos. ולא יהיה אוסר עצמו בנדרים ובשבועות על דברים המותרים. Kach amru chachamim:

לא דייך מה שאסרה תורה אלא שאתה אוסר עליך דברים אחרים.

You know better than the Ribbono Shel Olam how to devise a regimen, a spiritual regimen? Me'idach gisa, you have again, that's one ma'amar Chazal the Rambam quotes. Me'idach gisa you have our Mishna that Nedarim seyag laprishut, which the Rambam also quotes at the end of Hilchos Nedarim, if you take a look at י"ג כ"ג in Nedarim.

מי שנדר נדרים כדי לכונן דעותיו ולתקן מעשיו הרי זה נאה ומשובח. כיצד כגון מי שהיה זולל ואסר הבשר עליו שנה או שתים או מי שהיה שוגה ביין ואסר היין על עצמו זמן מרובה או שאסר השכרות לעולם וכן מי שהיה רודף שלמונים ונבהל להון ואסר על עצמו המתנות או ההנאות אנשי מדינה זו וכן מי שהיה מתגאה ביופיו ונדר בנזיר וכיוצא בנדרים אלו כולן דרך עבודה להשם היא ובנדרים אלו וכיוצא בהן אמרו חכמים

seyag laprishut nedarim. So it's clear from the Rambam, it doesn't - I wouldn't even call it a kasuv hashlishi because it's clear from the way he presents the initial shenei ksuvim that the pshat is as follows. Nedarim are strongly and actively discouraged when a person is looking to create a different ideal. No, the Torah's ideal is the Derech Ha-beinoni. My ideal is that a person should be an ascetic. So that's

לא דייך מה שאסרה תורה אלא שאתה אוסר על עצמך.

That's אל תהי צדיק הרבה. That's actively discouraged. But what if I'm not looking to create a different ideal? What if I see, on the contrary, that I'm not living up to the Torah's ideal? I find that I'm a zolel ve-soveh. I eat too much. I drink too much yayin. I don't have enough yiras shamayim to curb that. I do have enough yiras shamayim, I hope, that I will have a yiras cheit from a neder. So then, that is appropriate because again the chillek is simple and compelling. The chillek is whether the person is establishing a different ideal or whether the person on an individual basis as needed is looking to compensate for a weakness, for a flaw that he has. Basically nedarim siyag laprishus is similar to what the Rambam writes in Perek Beis of Hilchos Deios that the way for a person if he finds himself at one extreme to get to the derech habeinonis is to temporarily go to the opposite extreme. And that's what nedarim siyag laprishus mean. Okay, so maybe we'll stop here. We have more to talk about bli neder in terms of this mishna, but we'll stop here for today. I apologize, I have to run now, but everyone should have a very good productive day, be well, be safe, and א גוטן שבת מבורך.